导乐陪伴分娩在初产妇分娩中的护理效果分析

目的分析导乐陪伴分娩在初产妇分娩中的护理效果。方法研究时间段:2019年5—12月;研究对象:医院接诊的76例初产妇,根据入院时间的不同进行分组,研究组、对照组各38例,研究组产妇给予导乐陪伴分娩,对照组产妇给予常规护理分娩,干预后评价临床干预效果、自然分娩率、剖宫产率、疼痛程度及产妇心理状况。结果总产程时长[研究组(258.97±168.00)min<对照组(336.78±152.93)min](P<0.05);疼痛程度:干预后[研究组(4.79±0.89)分<对照组(6.31±1.37)分](P<0.05);护理后心理状况:SAS[研究组(20.13±2.74)分<对照组(24.01±4.03)分]、SDS[研究组(20.32±2.53)分<对照组(23.69±5.04)分](P<0.05)。此外,研究组产后出血量和自然分娩率均低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论导乐陪伴分娩对初产妇具有显著的临床干预效果,既能提高自然分娩率,降低剖宫产率,又能缩短产妇产程,减少产后出血量,同时还能有效缓解产妇疼痛,改善产妇心理状况。     

Correlation study of increase of pharyngeal airway space after mandibular advancement,taking natural head position into consideration

The increase in the pharyngeal airway space after mandibular advancement has not been well explained, and in this study we aimed to show whether there is a correlation in the increase of pharyngeal airway space as a consequence of the mandibular advancement or of the relative change between the mandibular position and the natural head position (NHP). Fifteen patients who had bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for mandibular advancement with or without genioplasty were studied retrospectively. The primary variables of mandibular position, NHP, and pharyngeal airway space were measured in three dimensions using preoperative and postoperative cone-beam computed tomographic datasets and were compared using the paired t test. The secondary variable of pharyngeal airway space was defined as the square root of the mean cross-sectional area (CSA^1/2) of the pharyngeal airway space. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to find out whether there was a correlation between the change in CSA^1/2 and the change in mandibular position, or the relative change between the mandibular position and the NHP. Volumes and minimal cross-sectional areas were increased in the pharyngeal airway space, and lengths of airways decreased. Correlation existed only between the increase in CSA^1/2 and the relative change between the mandibular position and NHP. The increase in pharyngeal airway space after mandibular advancement correlated with the relative changes between the mandibular position and the NHP.     

卵巢储备功能降低不孕症中西医结合治疗的理论与临床试验研究探讨

卵巢储备功能降低(DOR)导致的不孕症业已成为生殖健康领域的难题,引起了国内外学者的广泛关注,其根本病机为肾精亏虚。中医药治疗不孕症历史悠久、经验丰富,针对DOR不孕症,从肾论治。将中西医治疗思想相结合,辨病论治与辨证论治结合,采纳中医专病通治方的理念,确定补肾养血、疏肝健脾的治法治则,组方遣药,通过中药补肾方加减可多系统、多靶点、多环节调节生殖功能,充分发挥中医药优势。同时,提出"长(卵)排(卵)并调,数量质量并举"假说,临床上采用中西医结合的两阶段疗法,达到增加卵泡数量,改善卵泡质量,促进卵泡发育和排出的效果,有效规范治疗DOR不孕症。     

含功能性油的水飞蓟宾超饱和自纳米乳的制备与体外评价

目的制备含功能性油的水飞蓟宾超饱和自纳米乳(SLB-S-SNEDDS),并对其进行表征及体外评价研究,以提高难溶性药物水飞蓟宾的生物利用度。方法铁氢化钾还原力与1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基(DPPH)自由基清除实验筛选功能性油脂;伪三元相图考察乳化剂乳化能力;测定粒径、多分散指数(PDI)、Zeta电位等考察混合油相比例与载药量;相容性与溶出度实验筛选促过饱和物质并考察其质量浓度;从外观、粒径分布、自乳化效率、形态学等方面表征SLB-S-SNEDDS,并进行溶出度、抗氧化能力、细胞毒性等体外评价。结果所得SLB-S-SNEDDS处方为(1)小麦胚芽油/Capryol 90-Cremophor ELP-Transcutol HP与(2)沙棘籽油/Capryol 90-Cremophor ELP-Transcutol HP,1 g基质(包含0.043 g小麦胚芽油或沙棘籽油、0.387 g Capryol 90、0.380 g Cremophor ELP、0.190 g Transcutol HP),水飞蓟宾的添加量为各组分平衡溶解度之和的20%,Soluplus的添加量为上述总质量的0.1%。小麦胚芽油、沙棘籽油体系分别为淡黄色、亮黄色透明状均一液体,2种体系自乳化分散后均呈近球形白色扁平乳滴,粒径约为50 nm,乳化时间均为65 s。与药物原料及SLB-SNEDDS相比,SLB-S-SNEDDS中水飞蓟宾的累积溶出率8h内均维持在85%～110%,表明该体系能够显著提高药物的溶出度。SLB-S-SNEDDS与铁氰化钾反应后的吸光度(A值0.452～0.782,0.488～0.765)以及DPPH自由基清除率(39.09%～96.02%,30.54%～89.20%)均高于相应质量浓度下水飞蓟宾原料的A值与清除率(0.411～0.760,22.89%～63.21%),表明2种处方体系均能提高水飞蓟宾的抗氧化能力。细胞毒性实验结果显示,在5、10μmol/L药物浓度下,水飞蓟宾原料组、水飞蓟宾S-SNEDDS组及其相应的空白S-SNEDDS组细胞生存率均90%,说明SLB-S-SNEDDS及其所用辅料对人克隆结肠腺癌细胞(Caco-2)毒性较小、安全性较好。结论制备的含功能性油SLB-S-SNEDDS在提高水飞蓟宾累积溶出率的同时,增强了其抗氧化能力,为将超饱和自纳米乳(S-SNEDDS)用于改善难溶性药物水溶性及其生物活性提供有益参考。     

自然杀伤细胞治疗肝癌的前瞻性研究

目的:评价自然杀伤细胞（natural killer cell，NK cell）治疗肝癌的短期临床有效性、安全性以及对肝癌患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法:研究对象为暨南大学附属复大肿瘤医院2016年2月至2017年9月收治的17例肝癌患者，采集患者本身或其亲属的外周血，体外培养诱导产生高活性NK（HANK）细胞，在第14、15和16天进行静脉输注，连续3次输注为1个疗程，每个患者接受至少1个疗程的治疗。分别于每疗程治疗前及疗程治疗结束后3周取患者外周血检测淋巴细胞亚群，比较治疗前后淋巴细胞亚群的变化及其与短期临床疗效的关系。结果:经HANK细胞治疗后，17例肝癌患者PR 2例，SD 8例，PD 4例，失联3例；缓解率为14.3%，疾病控制率为71.4%；HANK细胞治疗前后淋巴细胞亚群无明显变化。治疗过程中17例患者并未发生不良反应。结论:异体NK细胞免疫治疗可缓解病情且安全无副作用，在肝癌治疗中有潜在的应用价值。     

Plant‐derived glucose transport inhibitors with potential antitumor activity

Glucose, a key nutrient utilized by human cells to provide cellular energy and a carbon source for biomass synthesis, is internalized in cells via glucose transporters that regulate glucose homeostasis throughout the human body. Glucose transporters have been used as important targets for the discovery of new drugs to treat cancer, diabetes, and heart disease, owing to their abnormal expression during these disease conditions. Thus far, several glucose transport inhibitors have been used in clinical trials, and increasing numbers of natural products have been characterized as potential anticancer agents targeting glucose transport. The present review focuses on natural product glucose transport inhibitors of plant origin, including alkaloids, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds, and isoprenoids, with their potential antitumor properties also discussed.     

天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经临床观察

目的:观察天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经的临床疗效。方法:将90例寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经随机分为治疗组45例和对照组45例。对照组予少腹逐瘀汤治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用天灸罐治疗,均连续治疗5个月经周期。参照COX痛经症状量表(the Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale,CMSS)进行评价;测定两组治疗前后外周血中前列腺素F2a(Prostaglandin F2a,PGF2a)含量;比较两组痛经临床疗效。结果:总有效率组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组CMSS时间、程度及PGF2a含量治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经效果良好。     

Does Surgical Approach Influence the Natural History of the Unstable Total Hip Arthroplasty?

BackgroundDislocation following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a significant complication that occurs in 0.3%-10% of cases with 13%-42% of patients requiring revision surgery. The literature has primarily focused on the dislocation risk associated with different surgical approaches. However, little is known about the natural history of the dislocated hip and whether surgical approach of the index THA is associated with further instability and revision surgery.MethodsThis is a retrospective, single-center, multi-surgeon consecutive case series of all patients who experienced THA dislocation from 2002 to 2020. Patients were excluded if the initial dislocation was secondary to infection or fracture. The natural history of the cohort as per approach was determined. Outcome measurements of interest were the number of dislocations; the treatment surrounding each dislocation; the necessity and type of revision; and the complications encountered.ResultsOf the 75 patients, 58 (77%) dislocated within 6 months following primary THA. The anterior group had greater odds of dislocation within 2 weeks post-THA compared to the lateral and posterior groups (P = .04). The mean number of dislocations per patient was significantly lower in the anterior (1.5 ± 0.7) compared to the lateral (2.4 ± 1.2) and posterior (2.1 ± 1.0) groups (P = .02). Revision surgery was needed in 30% (6/20) of patients in the anterior, 69% (25/36) of the posterior, and 68% (13/19) of the lateral groups (P = .01).ConclusionThis study illustrates that while primary THA dislocations happen earlier with the anterior approach, they are typically less complicated and have a lower risk of recurrent instability and revision surgery.